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VENEREAL DISEASES

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FILMED BY THE (NATIONAL)
BUNDES-FILM-HAUPTSTELLE IN VIENNA

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FILM OF THE AUSTRIAN ASSOCIATION
AGAINST VENEREAL DISEASES

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FILMED AT THE VIENNA 
UNIVERSITY CLINIC

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FOR VENEROLOGY
AND DERMATOLOGY

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(DIRECTED BY PROF. ERNST FINGER)

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Honoured guests!

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The purpose of the following images
is to illustrate

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how serious, significant,
and widespread venereal diseases are.

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As you view these images

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of the many, severe,
life-threatening symptoms,

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please keep in mind
that venereal diseases are:

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1. Preventable.

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Their spread is largely
due to ignorance,

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carelessness and lack of self-control.

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They can be prevented

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through means and measures
that doctors are well aware of.

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2. Venereal diseases are curable.

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All of the severe symptoms that follow

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could have been prevented
with timely, adequate treatment.

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Gonorrhea (The clap).

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PART 1.

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The pathogens of gonorrhea
are gonococci.

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After infection, they cause
an often abundant discharge.

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The sampling, staining

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and microscopic examination
of the discharge.

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Gonococci.

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Gonorrhea patients have cloudy urine.

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Urine of a healthy person -
Urine of a gonorrhea patient +

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Gonorrhea can cause
painful inflammation of the epididymis.

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Bilateral inflammation
can lead to sterility.

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In 75% of all childless couples,
gonorrhea is the cause of sterility.

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Section of a spermatic cord
in a healthy man.

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Cause of infertility.
First, in men.

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In gonorrhea patients,

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testicle inflammation
obstructs the vas deferens.

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Second, in women.

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The impregnation process
in a healthy woman.

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In a woman with gonorrhea,

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the Fallopian tube is swollen,
hence blocked.

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When gonococci invade joints,

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painful inflammations
and swellings ensue.

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Pathogens transmitted to the eyes
cause severe inflammation.

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Gonorrheal ophtalmia neonatorum.

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A large percentage of blindness
results from gonorrheal ophtalmia.

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Instilling a drop
of 1% silver nitrate solution

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into the eyes of every newborn

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could have prevented
these cases of blindness.

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Syphilis (Lues).

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The sampling and microscopic examination
of spirochete-laden discharge.

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The pathogen of syphilis
is <i>Spirochaeta pallida.</i>

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Infection usually occurs
through sexual intercourse.

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Infection can also happen
elsewhere on the body.

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Infections on the upper lip,
chin and tongue.

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About 8 weeks after infection,
a break out appears

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in the form of spots or papules
(secondary stage).

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Patients with an eruption of spots.

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Patients with an eruption of nodules.

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One or several weeping ulcers
appear on or around genital organs.

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Whitish spots the size of a coin
on the neck and throat.

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The scalp shows patchy hair loss.

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Syphilitic iritis.

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The tertiary stage can set in
at the end of the 3rd year,

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but also after 10 years or more,

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after a long period
of seemingly good health.

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All organs of the human body
can be affected

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at the tertiary stage.

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Painless nodules resembling boils
appear on the skin.

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They turn into well-defined round
or kidney-shaped ulcers.

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Syphilitic nodules.

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Gums

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(as these characteristic
tertiary stage ulcers are called)

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can also appear on the palate.

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Forehead ulcer
with exposure of the bone.

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The bones of a tertiary stage
syphilitic patient

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display severe changes,
disintegration or thickening.

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PART 2.

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Internal organs, particularly the brain,
heart and large arteries,

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display life-threatening modifications.

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Healthy brain.

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Diseased brain.

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Cerebral syphilis results in:

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Recovery: 22%

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Death: 19%
Disability: 59%

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Healthy heart.

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Diseased heart
with thickening of the septum.

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Late syphilis symptoms include:

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progressive general paralysis
(cerebral softening),

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tabes dorsalis.

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Many mental patients
living in insane asylums

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suffer diverse delusions.

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Characteristic gait
of a patient with tabes.

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He flings his feet forward.

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Syphilis can be passed on
from parents to their offspring

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for whom it often has dire consequences.

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Infant mortality.

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Children with healthy parents:
3.8% stillborn.

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Death within the first year: 47.2%
Survival: 49%

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Of 1,700 pregnancies

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in marriages
where one partner has syphilis

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(usually the man).

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Miscarriages or stillborn: 34%.

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Death within the first year: 56%.
Survival: 10%.

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Comparison of both statistics. 
Stillborn:

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Death within the first year:

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Survival:

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Even newborns
can present syphilitic symptoms.

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Lesions in the cornea
in children and juveniles.

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18-year-old idiotic patient
with arrested development.

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If unattended, syphilitic ulcers
can lead to severe damage.

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(20-year-old man.)

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To detect syphilis,

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a blood test is done
using Wassermann's technique.

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Taking of a blood sample.

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The Wassermann test
uses guinea pig serum

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Processing the blood in the laboratory.

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The following statistics show
how widespread venereal diseases are.

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Of 100 deaths,
21 are due to tuberculosis,

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and on average, as many to syphilis.

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A few statistics:

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Before the war, typhus cost
 Prussia 8 million mark

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and syphilis, 150 million.

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Distribution by occupation.

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In Berlin, venereal diseases
are contracted annually:

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by 5% of soldiers,

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8% of workers,

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16% of merchants,

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25% of students,

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30% of waitresses.

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Percentage of students
contracting a venereal disease annually:

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Prevalence of venereal disease
at the end of school:

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Prevalence of venereal disease
in the army.

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Of 1,000 soldiers, number of men
contracting a venereal disease annually.

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In Prussia: 18.5,

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in Bavaria: 20.5,

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in France: 27.3,

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in Belgium: 28.3,

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in the Netherlands: 31,

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in Denmark: 34.8,

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in Russia: 42.1,

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in Austria-Hungary: 61.6,

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in Spain: 63.4,

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in Italy: 89.7,

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in England: 93.3.

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Prevalence of syphilis
in the English army.

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Number of syphilitics per 1,000 men.

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On national territory: 46.

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Abroad.
In Malta: 165.

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In Gibraltar: 183.

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In Ceylon: 270.

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In China: 668!

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In Copenhagen,
for every 100 men marrying at 30,

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there have been 200 gonorrhea
and 20 syphilis infections.

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The swift spread of venereal diseases
is caused by promiscuity,

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i.e., when a man has intercourse
with several women in a short time

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or a woman with several men.

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Let us imagine 6 men,

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one of which
has a contagious venereal disease.

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These men have intercourse with 6 women,

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among which only one
also has a venereal disease.

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As a result, one man and one woman
are newly infected.

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The situation stays the same
as long as no one has a new partner.

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But the effect of each person
changing partners is frightful.

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As a result, 4 more people,
i.e., half of the healthy ones,

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are newly infected.

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If each person changes partners again
or goes back to their first partner,

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then the last 4 healthy ones
become diseased too!

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In Vienna, of 200 people
newly infected with a venereal disease,

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67 are between 15 and 24 years old.

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19% are between 25 and 30 years old.
14% are over 30.

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In Germany, 574 (women) cases.

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Here is the distribution
of venereal diseases by age,

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between 15 and 25 years old:

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Venereal diseases are curable.

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The sooner they are treated,
the more certain they are to be cured.

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THE END

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Subtitles: 
Ariane Fénart & Élisabeth Fuchs